The outer structure of the heliosphere is determined by the interactions between the solar wind and the winds of interstellar space. The solar wind streams away from the Sun in all directions at speeds of several hundred km/s in the Earth's vicinity. At some distance from the Sun, well beyond the orbit of Neptune, this supersonic wind must slow down to meet the gases in the interstellar medium. … WebJun 6, 2014 · NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) Mission is an explorer class satellite designed to image the edge of the heliosphere around the Solar System. It will collect energetic neutral atoms generated beyond the Termination Shock to measure the strength of the interactions that occur as the Solar wind meets the Interstellar Medium. …
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IBEX: Interstellar Boundary Explorer
http://ibex.swri.edu/students/What_is_the_termination.shtml In astrophysics, a bow shock occurs when the magnetosphere of an astrophysical object interacts with the nearby flowing ambient plasma such as the solar wind. For Earth and other magnetized planets, it is the boundary at which the speed of the stellar wind abruptly drops as a result of its approach to the … See more The defining criterion of a shock wave is that the bulk velocity of the plasma drops from "supersonic" to "subsonic", where the speed of sound cs is defined by $${\displaystyle c_{s}^{2}=\gamma p/\rho }$$ See more Bow shocks form at comets as a result of the interaction between the solar wind and the cometary ionosphere. Far away from the Sun, a comet is an icy boulder without an atmosphere. As … See more In 2006, a far infrared bow shock was detected near the AGB star R Hydrae. Bow shocks are also a common feature in Herbig Haro objects, in which a much stronger collimated outflow of gas and dust from the star interacts with the interstellar medium, producing … See more A similar effect, known as the magnetic draping effect, occurs when a super-Alfvenic plasma flow impacts an unmagnetized object such as what happens when the solar wind reaches the ionosphere of Venus: the flow deflects around the object … See more The best-studied example of a bow shock is that occurring where the Sun's wind encounters Earth's magnetopause, although bow shocks occur around all planets, both unmagnetized, such as Mars and Venus and magnetized, such as Jupiter or See more For several decades, the solar wind has been thought to form a bow shock at the edge of the heliosphere, where it collides with the … See more If a massive star is a runaway star, it can form an infrared bow-shock that is detectable in 24 μm and sometimes in 8μm of the Spitzer Space Telescope or the W3/W4-channels of WISE. In 2016 Kobulnicky et al. did create the largest spitzer/WISE bow … See more WebJun 13, 2024 · The clash of two galaxy clusters in Abell 2146 is teaching astronomers about the kinds of "collisionless" shock waves that occur in our own solar system. Two giant galaxy clusters crashing into ... timiwig.com